Catecholamines and Cortisol Help to Fight Stress - 531 Words

When stress occurs, our bodies respond by releasing hormones that help our bodies deal with the stress. Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) and cortisol are hormones that are major players in the stress response (McCance Huether, 2010). Catecholamines share some common physiologic actions with cortisol. Catecholamines and its metabolic actions are similar to those of cortisol. Both catecholamines and cortisol cause an increase in blood glucose through increased gluconeogenesis (McCance Huether, 2010). Gluconeogenesis is the production of glucose when the activation of certain enzymes occur (McCance Huether, 2010). Both epinephrine and cortisol also cause an increase in blood glucose by preventing cells in the body from the uptake of glucose and decreasing the effects of insulin (Judd, n.d.). Catecholamines and cortisol both cause an increase in cardiac output and an increase in blood pressure as well (McCance Huether, 2010). Catecholamines do this by enhancing myocardial contractility, increasing heart rate, and increasing the blood (venous) returning to the heart (McCance Huether, 2010). Cortisol aids in this effect by increasing the amount of receptors that epinephrine and norepinephrine can attach to ( Judd, n.d.). Cortisol and catecholamines both cause lipolysis is some areas of the body. This occurs in the extremities with cortisol, but most areas of the body with catecholamines (McCance Huether, 2010). Strangely enough, bothShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Hormones On The Body s Central Glucocorticoid1746 Words   |  7 PagesACTH acts on receptors of the adrenal cortex to stimulate the synthesis and release of cortisol [19,20]. Also known as the body’s ‘‘stress hormone’’, cortisol travels through the blood in both protein-bound (inactive) and free (active) forms. Cortisol can act to limit its own synthesis via a negative feedback mechanism to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland [19,20]. 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